Symptoms And Symptoms Of Diabetes Mellitus Type II

Patient Condition The patient, CB, presents with signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type II. Previously, the patient was to follow up with a work up to determine the cause of her high blood sugar and cholesterol. Not only does CB present with a fasting glucose of 141 and cholesterol of 225, but CB discusses her weight problem. She is considered to be obese with a BMI of 35.7 (NCI). McCance and Huether describe the well known risk factors to include age, obesity, and physical inactivity (2014), all of which the patient has. In addition, CB also has reported an increase in urine production and frequency; vaginal discharge; and blurred vision at times. These manifestations are consistent with diabetes type II. Many factors play†¦show more content†¦This helps to explain how diabetes can run in families. CB presents as an overweight, but by BMI standards she is obese. Obesity is a risk factor for many health concerns including diabetes because of insulin resistance. There are several reasons as to how resistance occurs with obesity (McCance Huether, 2014). First, adipokines which are hormones that are produced by adipose, or fat tissue are present (McCance Huether, 2014). These hormones are responsible for increasing the levels of leptin, and decreasing the adiponectin (McCance Huether, 2014). According to Helen Dodson, the hormone leptin is acts to control metabolism, appetite, and body weight (2014). If the levels are increased, causing leptin resistance, then the patient may feel hunger that is not really there but the body needs more glucose for fuel. Leptin resistance makes it difficult for the insulin to be used properly, causing the body to not obtain the necessary nutrients for energy and metabolism (Diseases and conditions, 2016). Obesity also affects insulin resistance by having an elevated number of free fatty acids (McCance Huether, 2014). When these levels are elevated it causes a chain reaction with the body being able to get insu lin and making tissues not sensitive to insulin (McCance Huether, 2014). These alterations can cause not only changes to Symptoms And Symptoms Of Diabetes Mellitus Type II The patient, CB, presents with signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type II. McCance and Huether describe the well known risk factors to include age, obesity, and physical inactivity (2014), all of which the patient currently exhibits. The patient has a history of high blood glucose as well high cholesterol, neither of which were further evaluated. Not only does CB present with a fasting glucose of 141 and cholesterol of 225, but CB discusses her weight problem. CB falls into the category of obesity based on a body mass index of 35.7. In addition, CB also has reported an increase in urine production and frequency; vaginal discharge; and blurred vision at times. These manifestations are consistent with diabetes type II (McCance †¦show more content†¦These hormones are responsible for increasing the levels of leptin, and decreasing the adiponectin (McCance Huether, 2014). According to Helen Dodson, the hormone leptin acts to control metabolism, appetite, and body weight (2014). If the levels are increased, causing leptin resistance, then the patient may feel hunger that is not really there, but the body needs more glucose for fuel. Leptin resistance makes it difficult for the insulin to be used properly, causing the body to not utilize the necessary nutrients for energy and metabolism (Patient care and health information: Type 2 diabetes, 2016). Obesity also affects insulin resistance by having an elevated number of free fatty acids in the blood(McCance Huether, 2014). When these levels are elevated it causes a chain reaction making tissues not sensitive to insulin that is available (McCance Huether, 2014). These alterations can cause not only changes to the secretion of glucagon but can also cause inflammatory changes (McCance Huether, 2014). The inflammation that obesity causes on the cellular level is what paves the way for the insulin resistance to continue. The inflammation also plays an important role in the genesis of fatty liver, athero sclerosis and dyslipidemia. (McCance Huether, 2014, p.741). This in turn causes the high cholesterol associated with diabetes. Insulin resistance can last for manyShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Diabetes Mellitus Type II1991 Words   |  8 PagesPatient Condition The patient, CB, presents with signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus type II. Previously, the patient was to follow up with a work up to determine the cause of her high blood sugar and cholesterol. Not only does CB present with a fasting glucose of 141 and cholesterol of 225, but CB discusses her weight problem. She is considered to be obese with a BMI of 35.7 (NCI). McCance and Huether describe the well known risk factors to include age, obesity, and physical inactivityRead MorePathophysiology Of Type II Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus1575 Words   |  7 PagesPathophysiology of Type II Non-Insulin Dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM): Type II Non-insulin dependent diabetes is the most common. It often occurs in older adults, patients who are overweight, and patient with metabolic disorders. It can happen at any age though. The tissues in the body have built some resistance to insulin. The insulin levels in these patients can vary from low to high and can also be normal. You might be at risk of developing Non-insulin dependent diabetes if you have a familyRead MoreType Ii Diabetes Mellitus. â€Å"In 2010, An Estimated 25.81470 Words   |  6 PagesType II Diabetes Mellitus â€Å"In 2010, an estimated 25.8 million people in the United States had diabetes mellitus, of which approximately 1 million have type 1 diabetes and most of the rest have type 2 diabetes † (Papadakis et al., 2014) That means that in 2010 about 24.8 million people suffered from type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is impaired insulin secretion and variable degrees or peripheral insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia (Porter, Kaplan, 2011). Type II diabetes has become moreRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : A Major Public Health Problem Worldwide Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes Mellitus has increased in recent years due to bad eating habits and inactivity. Diabetes Mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide. Improved testing accuracy has improved which has confirmed more cases. There are two types of diabetes. In this paper I will explain the differences in both types of Diabetes and complications that are commonly associated with this disease, as well as tr eatment and plan of care for this disease. (American Medical Association) Type I DiabetesRead MoreType Ii Diabetes Mellitus. What Is Type Ii Diabetes?. Diabetes1111 Words   |  5 PagesType II diabetes mellitus What is type II diabetes? Diabetes is a disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels usually caused by insensitivity to insulin. Insulin production is normal in type II diabetics. The condition is frequently associated with a family history and is seen in obese individuals. It is a leading risk factor for the development of heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. It is also a leading cause of kidney disease, blindness, and death in theRead MoreEssay on Diabetes Mellitus1089 Words   |  5 Pages Diabetes Mellitus nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Diabetes is a chronic, genetically determined, debilitating disease that affects every organ system. There are two major types of diabetes: Type I and Type II. Type I or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is caused by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing cells of the pancreas and is usually, but not always diagnosed in childhood. People with type I diabetes must take insulin shots in order to survive. Type II diabetes or non-insulinRead MoreAnalysis Diabetes I And Ii1540 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿JS Hirsch (2006) in his history of diabetes mellitus I and II notes that in the centuries when this disease was poorly understood, it was known by doctors as the pissing evil (26). Hirsch quotes the medical hypothesis of a Greek doctor in the first century, who described a patients death from diabetes as the melting down of flesh and limbs into urine (26). In fact, the formal scientific name for the disease still reflects this antiquated vie w of its operation, as Hirsch notes that the GreekRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus ( Iddm )1369 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes Mellitus In the pancreas, there are specialized cells that form small islands of cells, called islets of Langerhans, that are alpha cells and beta cells. In these endocrine cells, they release pancreatic hormones, such as insulin and glucagon that diffuse into the bloodstream to regulate glucose levels. Beta cells secretes insulin, which regulates carbohydrate, protein, fat metabolism and storage. On the other hand, alpha cells secrete glucagon, in which it breaks down stored sugar (glycogenolysis)Read MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Diabetes1390 Words   |  6 PagesFTVN036 Diabetes Mellitus Ms. Evelyn Sadsad August 21, 2015 As America’s 7th leading cause of death, Diabetes is steadily rising as a consequential result to the contagious sedentary lifestyle involving a very poor diet lacking in nutritional value and an increase in sugar or high fructose corn syrup. Many contributing risk factors are prevalent and attribute to the expanding number of the population who acquire diabetes. Signs and symptoms of Type I and Type II diabetes canRead MoreA Short Note On Diabetes Mellitus Type II1041 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is Diabetes Mellitus Type II. Diabetes is one of the major chronic diseases caused by the insulin resistance that body generates within. It is a serious public health issue currently. There are different types of diabetes we encounter nowadays, but the three main types are Type I, Type II and gestational diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus,2005-2016). The type II diabetes is a non-controlled disease and it is the most common and also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus ,2005-2016)

Examination of Willy and Lindas Relationship in The Good...

Comparison between â€Å"The Good Wife’s Guide† and Willy and Linda relationship Throughout the entire play Willy talks to Linda in a way demeaning way. During Act 1 there is a conversation with Bernard and Willy that Linda enters saying that some mothers thing Biff is â€Å"too rough† with their daughters. Willy was very upset with this news and told everyone to shut up which made Linda hold back tears and Bernard leave. This guide â€Å" Don’t ask him questions about his actions or question his judgment or integrity. Remember, he is the master of the house and as such will always be exercise his will with fairness and truthfulness. You have no right to question him.† The guide says the woman is wrong for questioning him. This is exactly what happens with Will and Linda which is why he gets so angry and she doesn’t say anything back. Toward the end of Act 1, Biff is getting ready for his loan interview. Willy ends up giving him advice tha t isn’t useful. Every time Linda tries to interject to help Biff, Willy tells her to be quiet several times. The guide says â€Å" A good wife will always knows her place.† She is technically being a bad wife because she keeps trying to add to the conversation even though Willy has hushed her. The guide shows women how to not have a voice or their own control and to be told and listen to everything the men say. Willy and Linda’s relationships is a lot like the guide because he is the one in control and never lets her have her own opinion or rights.

Choosing Good Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style

Choosing Good Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style Therefore, if you're unfamiliar with such requirements, you will go through different challenges as you attempt to finish your assignment. It's however essential to note that both institutions are significant in the education sector of america. Students may typically understand the structure with only a quick quantity of instruction. When many students want institutions of higher learning in the usa, they encounter a range of difficulties especially in deciding upon the type of institution to join. The Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style Stories Both small and big universities can provide students with the opportunities to realize educational objectives. To the contrary, community colleges are usually small in proportion and some can offer limited selection of courses. In other words, they are more convenient especially for students hailing from poor ba ckgrounds. To begin with, it's important to be aware that community colleges and universities are at a greater level in contrast to high schools both in US and in different sections of earth. If you're speaking about an essay for college level students, then you would want a topic that provides you with a chance to showcase your degree of competency so far as understanding an issue. There's only tenderness and attention. Moreover, a couple examples of compare and contrast essays will be very helpful because a bright sample gives a good advantage for a student who has it. Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style Help! This produces the reader think. There are additionally some lessons that you ought to always keep in mind before you get started writing your essay. It is very important to choose a minumum of one example and create a paragraph with the counter-argument also. Analysing deeply enogh, it can see a huge difference on the kind of writing. Evaluation The next step is an easy analysis of everything that you've written down. Then you need to pick a structure. The previous component portion of your essay. Whether you're ready to compose your compare and contrast essay or you're in the practice of inventing your very own catchy topic it would be useful to check out compare and contrast essay examples to have a crystal clear picture of what you ought to write. Picking out the appropriate topics might take a while in case you don't have a list of sample topics facing you. This moment, you should find out more about the topic to see the facts that contradict your thesis. Before you begin, it's essential to choose topics which you really know well. You'll tackle distinctive issues and explain many situations as you attempt to discover the correct answer. There are several possible compare and contrast essay topics, and a number of them are tough to perform. This sentence or two usually arrive in the previous sentence of your very first paragraph. Choose an appropriate topic and begin working on it now! The 5-Minute Rule for Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style Purpose Comparison-contrast essays can serve a number of purposes, and create various tones as an outcome. Also, there's a lot of helpful info on the site. A point-by-point list can help you maintain balance. It is possible to discover some info about various formats of accounts. Enough practice in reading and writing will supply you with an additional advantage. Rather than attempting to elicit a specific emotional answer, Angelou invites her audience to share in her ideas and feelings. On-line assistance from expert writers wi ll help you save you a plenty of time. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style Gain a fundamental idea of how precisely the work must be finalized. Money is additionally a tremendous aspect in the novel. Therefore, without the proper guidance, young women and men wind up destroying their fruitful lives. Some instructors prefer that you just write about the differences between two things, while some would like you to concentrate on explaining the similarities also. A Secret Weapon for Compare and Contrast Essay Samples for College English 28 Dressing Style Gatsby is a rather diverse character. Gatsby and Tom have been attempting to attain the American Dream for a little while but they appear to be struggling in various points. He is also known as a ruthless racist character. He is a very complicated character as well. 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Plato s Views On Socrates - 928 Words

The most significant writings on Socrates came from one of his own disciples, Plato. Plato’s writings are the reason Socrates is historical figure he is today, without them Socrates would have been nothing more than a minor presence (Navia 93). Plato’s writings are classified as either early, middle, or late. However, only the early writings best portray the real Socrates (Navia 105). These writings include the Euthyphro, Crito, Phaedo, and most importantly the Apology, which discusses the trial and execution of Socrates. Similarly Xenophon’s dialogue of the same name also discusses the same subject. While both authors demonstrate similar positions defending Socrates, their approach to their discussion varies significantly. Even though it is not known how close of a relationship Plato and Socrates had, it is very obvious that Socrates played a major role in influencing philosophy into the life of Plato. Plato was born in Aegina on 427 BCE and ultimately died in Athens in his school, The Academy, on 347 BCE (Navia 95). He had two older brothers Glaucon and Adeimantus, and a half brother, Antiphon, who were also students of Socrates. He was born into an aristocratic family involved in government, and in turn he would be destined for a life involved in politics as well. However Plato avoided involvement in government after witnessing all the corruptionmby his uncle, and as a result, leads to his first encounter with Socrates as his pupil at the age of twenty (Navia 96).Show MoreRelatedSocrates And Plato s Views On The Society1308 Words   |  6 Pages Socrates had different views from the Athenians. He believed that democracy wouldn t work in their society, nor in any society. He doesn t believe that the people are capable of governing themselves. Socrates and Plato believed that the common man was too stupid, to say the least, to govern him/herself and to have a say in society. Socrates was in pursuit or truth his entire life. In his eyes, how could he let someone have the capabilities to make their own decisions with the potential for anRead MoreSocrates Views On Plato s Dialogue856 Words   |  4 Pagesdialogue â€Å"Crito,† Socrates is awaiting his execution in prison when his friend Crito comes to convince him to escape. Socrates argues against Crito with his belief being that escaping from prison would by an unjust act. It is Socrates’ belief that you should never commit an injustice act for any reason, and that it is in your best interest to act justly. In the arguments presented in â€Å"Crito,† we see Socrates’ belief as underlying factor and recurring theme. Crito goes to see Socrates and starts by lettingRead MoreSocrates s View On Plato s The And Aristophanes s The Clouds1371 Words   |  6 Pagesof truths, Socrates in the Clouds has little interest in either exploring the ethical truth or helping others get out of â€Å"Plato’s cave†. Instead, he is portrayed as a sophist who corrupts people with mysterious and useless knowledge, ignores traditional Athenian education, and debilitates Athenian men. Compared to Plato’s focus on Socrates’s wisdom reflected in the dialogue, the Clouds is a distorted interpretation of Socrates’s elenchus. Rather than justifiably criticizing Socrates, AristophanesRead MoreComparing Plato s And Socrates Arguments Of Life And The View Of The Athenian Democracy2091 Words   |  9 PagesRepublic has been one of the most historically and intellectually influential basis of many political theories and philosophical approaches since its first appearance. It is also crucial to mention that the book contains both Plato’s and Socrates’ arguments of life and the view of the Athenian Democracy in the ancient Greek world. Therefore, it can be confusing and complicated to decide to which philosopher the arguments belong. The main focus of the book is to find the definition and the whereabouts ofRead MorePlato, An Ancient Greek Philosopher1458 Words   |  6 Pages Plato, an Ancient Greek Philosopher by Carly Rittenmeyer Bible and the Ancient World Spring 2015 Plato, a Greek Philosopher, is known for his writings that impacted people in the Ancient Greek society. He was a free thinker and lived in a free city, Athens. He was taught by multiple teachers including Socrates who was frequently mentioned in his writings as the central character. Plato’s novel, The Republic, influenced the idea of government and shows his views on theRead MoreSocrates : The Suicide Of Socrates1405 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates was born in 470 BCE in Athens, Greece. His father was Sophroniscus, a sculptor and stone mason from Athens and his mother was a midwife by the name of Phaenarete (30 Interesting Socrates Facts 2014). Socrates original profession was masonry and sculpting, before becoming a philosopher. On a day in 399 BC, Socrates ( roughly 71 years at the time) went to trial.Now why would anyone want to send an old man to court? Three answer is that Socrates was accused of refusing to recognize theRead MorePlato s Euthyphro And Apology893 Words   |  4 Pageshuman characteristics of wisdom. Though Plato was one of the earliest philosophers, the topic of wisdom is still debated by modern philosophers today, contemplating questions such as â€Å"What are the classifications of ‘wisdom’?† According to Plato’s two dialogues, the characteristics of wisdom have a strong correlation with the characteristics of â€Å"being a good person†. This concept highlights the values of virtue and selflessness and at the same time juxtapose views on virtue while taking into accountRead MorePlato s Apology And The Apology1591 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper I will discuss how Plato s Apology and Phaedo have difference ideas of what it means to be a philosopher . I will explain how in the Apology, the philosopher is wise in how he/she understand that they are wise because they know that they don t know, and in Phadeo the philosopher knowledgable and are concern in gaining more knowledge. In Plato s Apology we learn about Socrates life and who he really is. In platos Apology a philosopher is a wise person because he understands thatRead MoreAristophanes Making Fun of Socrates in His Plays: An Analysis1039 Words   |  5 PagesSome of the earlier works by Plato called The Republic, in the piece there are conversations between characters Socrates and Glaucon, Aristophanes, Adeimantus where they try and explain ideas and views of justice and what a truly just man and/or just state would appear How we come to the decisions as human beings that would be for the greater good of a man and/or state. One conversation between the parties was that of how a truly just state would look like and Socrates answers by declaring thatRead MoreSocrates And Aristotle s Life1491 Words   |  6 Pages forming a foundation upon which Western philosophers build to the present day. Socrates and Aristotle were two key individuals credited for their roles in the advent of Classical philosophy. Men in ancient Greece lived relatively privileged lives (save for war, disease, and lack of indoor plumbing), giving rise to a class of people able to devote time to leisurely pursuits and intellectual inquiry. Indeed, Socrates and Aristotle were far from the only free men in ancient Greece to contemplate truth

Good Practice Physics Examples Free Essays

HONORS PHYSICS CH. 14 WAVE PRACTICE PROBLEMS 1. The period of a wave is 0. We will write a custom essay sample on Good Practice Physics Examples or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0300 seconds. It travels at a velocity of 10. 0 m/s. Determine the frequency and the wavelength. 2. A wave having a wavelength of 4. 0 meters and an amplitude of 2. 5 meters travels a distance of 24 meters in 8. 0 seconds. Determine the frequency and the period of the wave. 3. While hiking through a canyon, Noah Formula lets out a scream. An echo (reflection of the scream off a nearby canyon wall) is heard 0. 82 seconds after the scream. The speed of the sound wave in air is 342 m/s. Calculate the distance from Noah to the nearby canyon wall. 4. Mac and Tosh are resting on top of the water near the end of the pool when Mac creates a surface wave. The wave travels the length of the pool and back in 25 seconds. The pool is 25 meters long. Determine the speed of the wave. 5. An automatic focus camera is able to focus on objects by use of an ultrasonic sound wave. The camera sends out sound waves that reflect off distant objects and return to the camera. A sensor detects the time it takes for the waves to return and then determines the distance an object is from the camera. The camera lens then focuses at that distance. Now that’s a smart camera! In a subsequent life, you might have to be a camera; so try this problem for practice: If a sound wave (speed = 340 m/s) returns to the camera 0. 150 seconds after leaving the camera, then how far away is the object? 6. Find the wavelength of a 680-Hz tone in air, where the wave speed is 340 m/s. 7. Imagine a hiker camping in the mountains. Just before going to sleep he yells, â€Å"WAKE UP,† and the sound echoes off the nearest mountain, returning 8 h later. How far away is that mountain? 8. Harriet is told by her doctor that her heart rate is 70. 0 beats per minute. If Harriet’s average blood flow in the aorta during systole is 1. 5 x 10 -2 m/s, what is the wavelength of the waves of blood in Harriet’s aorta, created by her beating heart? 9. While flying to Tucson, Connie’s plane experiences turbulence that causes the coffee in her cup to oscillate back and forth 4 times each second. If the waves of coffee have a wavelength of 0. 1 m, what is the speed of a wave moving through the coffee? 10. Danielle is pushing her twin Dexter on a swing that hangs from a tree branch by 2. 0-m-long ropes. With what frequency will Danielle have to push Dexter when he swings? 11. In California, Clay is surfing on a wave that propels him toward the beach with a speed of 5. 0 m/s. The wave crests are each 20. m apart. A. What is the frequency of the water wave? B. What is the period? How to cite Good Practice Physics Examples, Papers

Why most teenagers envolve in premarital sex free essay sample

Sex, is the most basic biological definition of any natural process by which a new cell is produced through a recombination of genes from two different parent cells. Broaden definition, the insertion of a penis into an oral, anal, or vaginal opening, and a wide variety of behaviour that may or may not include penetration, including intercourse between members of the same gender. People engage in sexual intercourse for a variety of reasons. It can be intimate form of communication between people, giving physical and emotional pleasure. The traditional definition of human sexual intercourse is penile-vaginal penetration, for the purpose of conceiving a child or new human organism. The sex roles refers to the behaviour and characteristic that are considered both typical and desirable for males and females in a particular culture. From the earliest moments in life, a persons gender influence and is influenced by societys understanding of what it is to be female or male. But why some people doing this for pleasure, happiness and or an extra curricular activities that without provision by an old one? This is one of some question that come in the mind of people interested in this topic. Sex roles are learned through interactions with the other people, especially parents, teachers, and peers, as well as through portrayals of people in the media, they vary from individual to individual and from society to society. Even within a given culture, individuals can vary in the degree to which they adopt the sex function. Some people may not restrict their behaviour to one sex-roles type buy may adopt behaviours socially associated with both female and male sex roles. How sex arose is lost in the geological record? Asexual organisms lacking cell nuclei also take part in a process in which nuclei-acid fragments are transfered, but some biologists do not regard this as ancestral, to the sexual process of cell division observed in more advance life-forms. To some biologists the persistence of sex in evolutionary history is hard to understand, because in many ways it is less efficient than other processes. The exchange of genetic material is commonly viewed as advantageous because some of the new organisms well be more successfully adapted to environment than were the parent forms; in addition, the exchange can also be viewed as lessening the effect of harmful mutations through repair of damaged genes. Other theorists, however, point out that these processes are advantageous only in terms of species, whereas natural selection, viewed nonpurposively, should work at the individual level. Some scientists even propose that sex be seen as a parasitic mechanism for nucleic-acid transference the first appeared in viruses end to which other forms of life have had to adapt. Although this is an extreme view, the why of sex remains an interesting controversy in biology study. Sex is one of the major components of persons definition of him- or herself and others. Children learn very early to label themselves as girl or boy. In cultures that emphasize sex-role identity, these self-labels become an important part of a persons concept of self. There are some evidence that children actively seek out models and information about sex, apparently to maintain a stable self-identity as girl or boy. Because sex roles carry with them prescriptions for behaviour with others, individuals need to know the sex of the person or persons with whom they are interacting, if for no other reason than to feel comfortable. Sex hormones, which are essential for the normal sexual development and function of the reproductive system, are produced mainly by the male and female sex organs, otherwise known as gonads. Biochemically, these hormones are steriods; they are known as androgens, estrogens, and progesterone. The hypothalamus and pituitary regulate the secretion of these hormones at puberty and during the reproductive phase of adulthood. However, sex hormones are required in mammals to maintain sex drive and potency. Most females can mate only during estrus, or heat, at certain times of the year, which concides with ovulation and, thus maximizes the potential for procreation. A human female, however, can enjoy a normal sex life at any stage of her cycle as well as after removal of her ovaries or following menopause. Unlike in other mammals, ovulation in human females is not marked by a change in behaviour, pheromone release, or other sign obvious to males. The degree to which biology controls behaviour reflects, in part of choices a society makes. A society may choose either to emphasize or to compensate for biological predispositions. For example, if females have a biological predisposition to learn nurturant behaviour is more readily than males, a society could make an extra effort to foster nurturant behaviours in males. On the other hand, it could exaggerate the difference by putting more emphasis on nurturance in females. The nature of a society and its economy are related to the different positions of women and men. Human sexual development involves certain basic biological processes that begin with conception and continue on into maturity. Social influences are also involved in sexual development. Influence may vary from culture to culture according to value systems, stereotypes of masculinity, ferminity, convertion and taboos of sexual behaviour, and childrearing philosophies. Psychological attitudes and emotions are also affect sexual development,and these vary from individual to individual. Cultures differ from sable differences in sexual attitudes conveyed to children by their families. Emotions arise in response to family experiences as will as to other social experiences. These emotions can influence sexual development powerfully. The relationship between substance use and adolescent sexual activity is an important one, and extensive literature has shown that substance use is positively associated with adolescent sexual behaviors. While this is true, causality from substance use to risky sexual behaviors is difficult to establish, as it is likely that an adolescent’s sexual behavior and substance use depend on a set of personal and social behaviors, many of which are unmeasured. Despite attempts to determine the causal relationship between substance use and sexual behavior, the nature of the relationship remains unknown. Society, being hesitant and unable to resist influences brought by peers was pointed as a common factor for sexual engagement to both the male and female gender . Distinctly, on male adolescents, it was pointed out that â€Å"significant associations with substance (tobacco, alcohol, or drug) use, involvement in gang activities, permissive attitudes regarding premarital sex, lack of confidence in resisting peer pressure to engage in sex, and perception that one half or more of their friends were sexually active† were some of the causes that links teenage males to sexual plays. Yet, viewing pornography, including Internet porn, was indicated as the strongest factor to sexual orientation. On contrary, the strongest predictor of sexual intercourse on female adolescents is experiences of sexual abuse. As a matter of fact, history of said kind of abuse may be pointed as a big cause to voluntary sex by females. Comparing the main factors that lead to sexual activities by males and females, it will further reflect that females are in more risk and are more vulnerable to events, especially the unwanted ones, that made them get more affected and easily spellbound to the act of sex. However, the result of the study shows that the number of teenage men undergoing premarital sex and doing sex is relatively larger than of teenage women. In spite of this, peers being an influence to initiation of sexual activities among adolescents, either male or female, is not an entire and only probability because the study also opened the matter where connections to peers may also hold the teenagers away from any forms of sex. The study tells that closeness to peers, depending to the kind of company, may cause many different outcomes to adolescents’ attitude and perception on the act of sex. In our world today that highly civilized, highly modern, and highly liberated human knows everything in life in order to survive. As people says sex is one of the basic need to live and continue the life of generation of human being. This particular exercises involve interest in sex of individual having a right age and enough knowledge to this interest. But what if in this exercises engage our teenager? Would you mind the consequences of premarital sex? What are the causes they involved on it? Is there effect it in our life? In our surroundings? In our family? And what is the effect in our society? What are causes of premarital sex of teenagers? Is there a diseases to get when you involved in? And what possible therapy or action could apply to minimize this exercises? This are the questions that comes in our mind when somebody involved to exercises. And from this question, little by little we compiled information or knowledge to answered those question. Here now enter the desire for sexual expression that varies greatly from individual to another. Sexual expression is influenced by a multitude factors such as feelings of attractiveness, availability of partner,personal power, economics, cultural attitudes, genetics, religious beliefs, age, health, and gender. Humans have capacity to enjoy and engage in sexual activity throughout their lives. Almost everyone expresses themselves sexually through masturbation,intercourse, and other activities depending on their level of desire and other factors that influence their behaviour. The trend recently has been for adolescence to begin sexual activity earlier. The earliest sexual activity with others is more often with friends of same sex, because they are more familiar and less anxiety-producting. This kind of sexual activity seldom indicates future sexuality. Once youngster begin peting and genital fondling, they will usually experiment with intercourse within a few time, although do not and remain virgin until adulthood or marriage. By the end of the teens, a clear majority of young people have intercourse atleast once. The newly intense sex drive and a persons own body and response are so unfamiliar that sexual activity is mainly self-centered. Teenagers believe that he/she is devoted, but the real development need is to explore ones own sexual functions, sensations, and responses. Premarital sex is sexual activity practiced by persons who are unmarried. The prevalence of pre-marital sex has increased in both developed and developing countries. In some cultures, the significance of premarital sex has traditionally been related to the concept of virginity. However, unlike virginity, premarital sex can refer to more than one occasion of sexual activity or more than one sex partner. There are cultural differences as to whether and in which circumstances premarital sex is socially acceptable or tolerated. Social attitudes to premarital sex have changed over time as has the prevalence of premarital sex in various societies. Social attitudes to premarital sex can include issues such as virginity, sexual morality, extramarital unplanned pregnancy, legitimacy besides other issues. Premarital sex may take place in a number of situations. For example, it may take place as casual sex, for example, with at least one participant seeking to experience sex; it may take place between a couple living together in a long-term relationship without marriage; for a betrothed couple engaging in sexual activity before their anticipated marriage; and many other situations are possible. Teenagers who feel incomplete, inadequate and unappreciated are more likely to seek comfort in a sexual relationship. But those with a life rich in relationships, family traditions, activities, interests and most of all consistent love and affirmation are less likely to embark on a desperate search for fulfilment that could lead to unwise sexual decisions. Those who have a healthy, productive faith in God are more likely to have deeply rooted reasons to respect and preserve the gift of sex and to respect rather than explore it in others. Alcohol and drug use. Aside from reflecting problem attitudes (rebellion, poor self-concept, invulnerability) that make sex more likely, intoxication also clouds judgment and weakens resistance to sexual overtures. A steady boyfriend or girlfriend. Strong attachment sand feelings of exclusively invite nature to take its course, especially when physical expressions of affection begin early in the relationship. This is a particular risk in a situation where the boy is more than two or three years older than the girl is. If a teen romance appears to be getting hot and heavy and a lot of physical contact is already displayed, you will need to speak with both boy and girl diplomatically but candidly about the physical process they are setting in motion. Little parental monitoring. Leaving adolescents alone for hours at a time or not requiring accountability is a set up for sex. A parental belief that adolescent sex is appropriate. If you think premarital sex is okay, your adolescent will too and will act on that belief. A parental belief that adolescent sex is inevitable. Many parents who disapprove of teen sex have also concluded that it is as certain as death and taxes. Their approach to the subject will thus be double-edged: Dont do it, but in case you do, use this condom. Adolescents will get the message loud and clear and are likely to act accordingly. Low grade-point average/low attachment to school. While school performance is affected by a variety of factors, a basic desire to do well in school reflects a more hopeful outlook on the future and a willingness to put off immediate gratification for long-term goals. Teen sex, on the contrary, usually reflects ignorance of or little regard for consequences. This doesnt mean, of course, that every scholar is a bulwark of morality or that all who are not academically oriented are destined to be promiscuous. What ultimately matters is a persons commitment to basic values such as responsibility, respect for self and others and concern about the effect of todays decisions on the future. A history of physical or sexual abuse. These acts against children and adolescents violate their bodies, minds and hearts. Sexual abuse creates a grossly distorted view of sexual behavior, destroys boundaries, and drives a deep sense of worthlessness into the emotions. Whether the abuse occurred in the distant or recent past, adolescents with this history need on going support, counseling and prayer to help them develop healthy attitudes about themselves. Frequent family relocations. Moving generally stresses both parents and adolescents (especially if the kids resent the decision). This can erode parental authority and distract parents from involvement with their children. Bonds to social supports such as church groups that help prevent sexual activity are severed by multiple moves. Loneliness and loss of friendships may lead some teenagers to use sexual activity to gain social acceptance. These issues should be considered by parents who are thinking about a possible relocation. Only one parent in the household. Parenting was meant to be a team effort, and some risks will naturally increase when one parent is left to do all the protecting and monitoring alone. Some studies do indicate that adolescents living with a single parent are more likely to become sexually active than those living with both parents. Work and household demands can prevent single parents from being as involved and attentive as they need and want to be. And the divorce and desertion that sometimes lead to a one-parent home can make teens uncertain about the value of marriage as the setting for sexual activity and about the role of sexuality in parental relationships. This increased risk does not mean that adolescent sex is inevitable in single parent families. But it does place an additional responsibility on single parents to send their teenagers clear and consistent messages about sexuality. And it is one more reason for single parents to enlist as much support as they can. In our recent, Present, and possibly our future generations of youths, a precedent amount of youths take part in the contemplation and indulging of premarital sex. Teens of ages as young as 11 to 20 par take in dating and interactions, and sexual intercourse with the opposite sex some of early teenage to adolescent. Statistics show that in a percentage of youths that are dating at young ages lose their virginity within the first week upon dating. Boy likes girl,and girl likes boy. The opposite sexes attracts which ignites desires for interactions which then leads to dating which leads elsewhere and eventually ends with premarital sexual relations. Dating is the primary cause for premarital sex. Although other elements are included, Dating is where it starts. What is dating actually? Really,dating is any social activity in which your romantic interest is focused on one particular and that persons interest is focused on you. Whether on the phone or face-to-face, in the open or in secret, if you and a friend have a special romantic understanding and communicate regularly, its dating. Although In many cultures dating is regarded as a legitimate way for two people to become better acquainted with one another, dating should be an honorable purpose -to help a young man and women determine if they want to get married to each other. The period of life when sexual feelings and romantic emotions first become strong is quoted. It is at these periods in a young person life where the most cautions must be taken. Maintaining close association with one particular member of the opposite sex while in this phase can fan flames of desires and lead to premarital sex. Many youths are eager to experiment with sex. Influences from the world today promotes sexual relations outside of marriage. These influences (Pressure) come from our day-to-day interactions with our peers. Individuals experience unrelenting teasing and harassment for maintaining their virginity and values. This pressure gives social awkwardness to young individuals and pushes them to pair up with the opposite sex. Classmates may pressure couples to have sex. Believing that you must have sex to know if youre in love. Contrary to what some may think, taking improper sexual liberties doesnt mean that youre in love nor does it deepen a relationship. Many young ones today view relationships as transitory which in a sense prepares them for divorce rather than for marriage. Sex is a gift from God, one that we all can really-really enjoy, but in the right way. God condemns fornication. In the Bible,it describes all forms of sexual relations outside of marriage. Consequently, kissing, embracing, or doing anything that causes arousal can lead to premarital sex. The effects of premarital sex can cause individuals to take on life responsibilities that they have not prepared for. For instance, a married couple may have intentions on raising kids and starting a family. So with kids being the expected who are not married and have no intensions of marriage unexpectedly have children then these responsibilities are forced upon them. When we chose our marriage mates we include them in every aspect of our lives and harmonize together, but in terms to those who engage in activities meant for married couples, they then find themselves forcing there lives upon one another. This ties with the statement Pick the mate you want to Stick with, instead of the mate youre Stuck with. With the effect of young teens engaging in premarital sex we see young teen parents a responsibility given to the inexperienced. Hence the statement Babies raising Babies. In consequence, premarital sex is often an emotionally painful experience. After sex, the typical feelings most youths feel are embarrassment and ashamed. Sex in itself, is not wrong at any age; but premarital sex may harm the mental development of adults in several forms. Premarital sexual experiences, many a times, leads to the misconception that sex is to be enjoyed at whatever ways possible. Forced premarital lovemaking will lead to mental depression and dilemma. Another danger is possible exchange of diseases; as premarital partners may not be aware of diseases that spread through intercourses. Getting pregnant through premarital sex is another disaster. Emotional imbalances and guilt feeling could be the result of most premarital sexual affairs. To prevent premarital sex. Premarital sex is not approved by any modern society, yet, stories of adolescent fathers and mothers come out largely, especially from the highly civilized nations. Modern lifestyle has opened multiple opportunities for boys and girls to interact closely and deeply in public and private. They have ample chances to experiment the sexuality which they witness through internet and Television. Law can only threaten people, can never make them to not do something. The most effective way of defending premarital lovemaking is spreading awareness of healthy sexuality among children. Awareness of healthy sexuality is not at all the knowledge of safe sexuality. Train them to mingle with opposite sex in a mature way. Inspire them with mutual respect between man and woman. From the very childhood itself a baby should learn to accept people as men and women, the equal partners of life on earth; not as objects to fulfill lusty wishes and ambitions. Another one, sex therapy, the treatment of sexual disorder. In particular, sex therapy programs are directed toward the solution of such sexual problems as impotence, premature ejaculation, retarded ejaculation, painful coitus, sexual unresponsiveness, and other orgasmic disfunctions. A common assumption underlying many modern sex- therapy program is that sexual problems are often learned and hence can be corrected through relatively brief intervention measures. Intensive psychotherapy and medical treatment may be given when emotional disturbances or physical disorders, or both compound sexual difficulties. Sex-therapy programs generally attempt to help people by providing appropriate sex information; by alleviating anxieties and fears about sexual performances; and by facilitating verbal, emotional, and sexual communication between sex partners or even individual and sex-addicted. Sex instruction, followed by private home assignments in which a human practices newly learned, healthier way of interacting, is an integral part of many sex-therapy programs. CONCLUSION Premarital sex is a huge problem in society today. People everywhere are not waiting until they get married to have sex. People having sex today are not aware of the consequences that come with having sex. They just think it is fun and there are nothing other than fun comes with having sex. In conclusion, Dating prior to the bloom of Youth, Peer pressure and regular interactions with the opposite sex result in premarital sex. The effects is the shame of immorality. Sexual Abstinence Todays world is full of worries and problems which did not affect teens a generation ago. New problems keep appearing in todays world, such as STDs, increased pregnancy rates, and other factors facing teens who choose to have sex. Emotionally and physically teens and getting less developed before. If you engage in pre-marital sex, you will have lost something irrevocably, that is the state of virginity you could have offered a marriage partner. It is a very bad trade to make. If you have made this mistake already, you will have to live with whatever consequences come your way. However, you can confess the sin to God and repent of it, and continue in your walk in life.